The history of Chongqing

Chongqing is the China famous historical city, has more than 3,000 years glorious histories and glorious revolutionary tradition, take Chongqing as the central Cuban Chongqing area is the Pakistan Chongqing culture birthplace, this land has bred the Chongqing glorious history. Is apart from now 2 ~ 30,000 years paleolithic period last stage, had the humanity to live in the Chongqing area. B.C.E. 11 centuries, after King Wu of Zhou overthrows business to face the rule, enfeoffs the professional female entertainer to be surnamed the patriarchal clan in Pakistan, take Jiangzhou (now Chongqing) as the capital, controlled gradually and take Yangtze River, Jialing River as has been intimate, east fish duplicate (now Fengjie), west to (now Sichuan Ipin), north meets Hanzhong (south now Shanxi Province), South Pole Guizhou Province, Bei (northeast now Pengshui, Qianjiang and Guizhou with Hunan northeast) area. Ba take Chongqing as a capital, has founded the Pakistan country. Latter Qin kingdom extinguishes the Pakistan country, divides world is 36 county, the Pakistan county for its one. The heyday time Pakistan country area take original Chongqing as the administrative center, has jurisdiction over west north eastern Sichuan province, south Shanxi, Hubei, the western Hunan with Guizhou Province north and so on the region.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasty's successive dynasties all previous dynasties, this region most times have been a unified administrative area of jurisdiction, its administrative center is located in original Chongqing. Chongqing ancient name Jiangzhou, later will call Pakistanthe county, Chu Zhou, the Chongqing state, Gong state. When Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Southern Dynasty Liang Tai Qing four years (550) sets the Chu state at Bajun; The Northern Dynasty Western Wei Dynasty (535 ~ 557) changes Chu Zhou as Pakistan state; Northern Dynasty Northern Zhou Dynasty filial piety Min first year (557) duplicate changes the Pakistan state for the Chu state. Sui Dynasty the first three years (583), because Pakistan occupies the Chongqing water (the Jialing River ancient name), therefore changes Chu Zhouas the Chongqing state, this is Chongqing is called "Chongqing" an origin. The Northern Song Dynasty Chongning first year (1,102), changes the Chongqing state for Gong state. In 1189, Song Guangzong first sealed the king of Gong, latter was the imperial throne, bragged "the dual jubilation", rose Gong state is the Chongqing government office, Chongqing from this acquires fame. From Yuan to yuan 16 years (1,279) the Chongqing government office changes the Sichuan good secretariat Chongqing road. From Yuan to zheng 21 years (1,361), MingYuzhen leads the agricultural militia force according to Suchuan to call Gansu the Suchuan king, from Yu Zhizheng 23 years (1,363) proclaims oneself emperor, the dynasty name great summer, establishes a capital city Chongqing. Xia Kaixi four years (1,371), Xia country extinguishes by Zhu Yuanzhang. The Ming Dynasty Chongqing is Sichuan one of 13 government offices. The Qing Dynasty Chongqing was still a Sichuan's government office.
In 1891 Chongqing became the port most early China to open the interior trading port. Republic of China first year (1,912) in January Chongqing establishes the Suchuan military government, in February merge with Chengdu Sichuan military government. After Republic of China 9 years (1,920), Chongqing once for place division of the country among warlords. In 1921 (1,921) Liu Xiang set up the "commercial port supervisor"; Next year DengXihou change "the commercial port supervisor" as "the municipal administration geographical unit of government"; In 1926 (1,926) Liu Xiang changed "the municipal administration geographical unit of government" is "the commercial port supervises the government office"; In 1927 (1,927) Pan Wenhua changed "the commercial port to supervise the government office" is "the city hall".
In 1929 (1,929) on February 15, promulgated "City Constitutive law" according to the Nanjing national government, changed the city hall the Chongqing government, Chongqing constructs officially for the Sichuan municipality. After in 1937 (1,937) the Sino-Japanese War eruption, on November 20 the national government official announcement moved the capital to Chongqing, on December 1 starts work.in the Chongqing new address . In 1939 (1,939), the national government changed Chongqing for the Executive municipality; The next year September also will decide Chongqing is an alternate capital. Was the nation Sino-Japanese War and the antifascist supreme headquarters at that time, Chinese great rear area politics, the economy, the cultural center, therefore Chongqing also had the name of "three all places". After in 1945 (1,945) the Sino-Japanese War victory, the national government also been back to Nanjing, Chongqing was still the municipality.
New Chinese establishment initial period , Chongqing as the Central Committee of the CCP Southwest bureau and southwest the military and political committee station, is southwest local politics, the economy, the cultural center, is central municipality. after 1954 the west Southern University area abolished changes the Sichuan municipality. In 1983 took the lead into the nation economic system comprehensive reform experiment site city, the implementation plan single row, entrusted with the provincial level economy management jurisdiction. In 1992 warded off the open city for along the river. In September, 1996 central authorized Chongqing to act as an agent Wanxian city, Fuling city and the Qianjiang area. On March 14, 1997, considered the authorization by eight sessions of National People's Congress five conferences, Chongqing becomes China officially fourth, western area only municipality, and Wanxian city, Fuling city, the Qianjiang area officially will include within Chongqing the area of jurisdiction scope, lifted Chongqing to construct and in the history a brand-new page.